Resilience of the natural phyllosphere microbiota of the grapevine to chemical and biological pesticides.

Resilience of the natural phyllosphere microbiota of the grapevine to chemical and biological

The emergence of use of biological herbicides

Serious attention to hazardous chemical pesticides began with publication of the book “Silent Spring” by Rachel Carson in 1962. Scientists believe that agriculture had the greatest impact on the environment. The most reliable evidence comes from application of million tons of chemical fertilizers and pesticides with short or long adverse effects on ecosystem. Therefore, it is essential to imple...

Pivotal roles of phyllosphere microorganisms at the interface between plant functioning and atmospheric trace gas dynamics

The phyllosphere, which lato sensu consists of the aerial parts of plants, and therefore primarily, of the set of photosynthetic leaves, is one of the most prevalent microbial habitats on earth. Phyllosphere microbiota are related to original and specific processes at the interface between plants, microorganisms and the atmosphere. Recent -omics studies have opened fascinating opportunities for...

Leaf Treatments with a Protein-Based Resistance Inducer Partially Modify Phyllosphere Microbial Communities of Grapevine

Protein derivatives and carbohydrates can stimulate plant growth, increase stress tolerance, and activate plant defense mechanisms. However, these molecules can also act as a nutritional substrate for microbial communities living on the plant phyllosphere and possibly affect their biocontrol activity against pathogens. We investigated the mechanisms of action of a protein derivative (nutrient b...

Explaining the model of City Resilience to Earthquake, Regarding Natural Site of Cities (Case Study: Qazvin city)

Cities are among the most fragile biological settlements due to their complex internal structure and the influence by different variables. Given the realities of these settlements, in the event of devastating events such as earthquakes, these cities are definitely more fragile; consequently, returning to normal life seems to be much longer and costly. Therefore, considering the importance of th...